AS Media Group 1 : Research into title sequences

What is it?
A title sequence is the method by which cinematic films or television programs present their title, key production and cast members, or both, utilizing conceptual visuals and sound. It usually follows but should not be confused with the opening credits, which are generally nothing more than a series of superimposed text.

History of title sequences:
Since the invention of the cinematograph, simple title cards were used to top and tail silent film presentations in order to identify both the film and the production company involved, and to act as a signal that the film had started and then finished. In silent cinema title cards were used throughout to convey dialogue and plot and it is in some of these early short films that we see the first examples of title sequences themselves, being quite literally a series of title cards shown at the beginning of a film. The arrival of sound did little to alter the convention except that the sequence was usually accompanied by a musical prelude.
This remained the convention for many years until the advent of television forced the major film studios to invest in developing cinema in order to win back a diminishing audience. The "cast of thousands" epics shot on various patent widescreen formats were a direct response to television's successful invasion of the leisure marketplace. Part of cinema's new prestigious and expansive quality were orchestral musical preludes before the curtains opened and long title sequences — all designed to convey a sense of gravitas it was hoped television would be unable to compete with. As cinema's title sequences grew longer we begin to see the involvement of graphic design luminaries such as Saul Bass (creator of , which directly influenced the 1960s television predilection for creating strong graphics-led sequences for many shows.
Film-Makers at the beginning of the 21st century have many options open with title sequences. Some films superimpose opening credits over the opening scenes, while others elect to do away with titles entirely, instead including elaborate title sequences at the end of the movie.
Due to the commercial environment of television broadcasting, most series have regular and identifiable title sequences.

Order of credits:

Name of Studio - distributor (may not have produced it)
Name of Production company (who made it, investment groups, companies who financed it)
Name of Producer and/or Director only.
Starring (principle actors)
Title of the film (name)
Featuring (actors featured)
Casting or Casting by (Casting director)
Music or Music composed by or Original score by (Composer of music)
Production design by or production designer (name of production designer)

May be noted: